RING1 links retinoic acid signaling to the early proximal-distal specification of forelimb bud via Meis2 repression (mRNA)

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins play a pivotal role in silencing of development-related genes and contribute to maintain various stem and precursor cells and regulate their differentiation. However, it is not well understood how PcG factors regulate dynamic and complex morphogenetic processes particularly in mammals. In this study, we focused on proximal-distal (PD) patterning of forelimb bud to elucidate how PcG factors contribute to regulation of morphogenetic processes that depends on developmental signals. Depletion of RING1 proteins, which are common components of both canonical and variant Polycomb repressive complex-1 (PRC1), led to dramatic deficiencies in forelimb formation.

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Yakushiji-Kaminatsui N, Kondo T, Endo TA, Koseki Y, Kondo K, Ohara O, Vidal M, Koseki H