Image defocus and altered retinal gene expression in chicks

Because refractive development is governed largely by the retina, we analyzed the retinal transcriptome in chicks wearing a spectacle lens, a well-established means to induce refractive errors, to identify gene expression alterations and to develop novel mechanistic hypotheses about refractive development.

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Stone RA, McGlinn AM, Baldwin DA, Tobias JW, Iuvone PM, Khurana TS